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KMID : 1132720050030040142
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Genomics & Informatics
2005 Volume.3 No. 4 p.142 ~ p.148
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Comparative Genomics Study of Interferon-a Receptor-1 in Humans and Chimpanzees
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Kim Il-Chul
Chi Seung-Wook
Kim Dae-Won
Choi Sang-Haeng
Chae Sung-Hwa
Park Hong-Seog
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Abstract
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The immune response-related genes have been suggested to be the most favorable genes for positive selection during evolution. Comparing the entire DNA sequence of chimpanzee chromosome 22 (PTR22) with human chromosome 21 (HSA21), we have identified 15 orthologs having indel in their coding sequences. Among them, interferon-???? receptor-1 gene (IFNAR1), an immuneresponse- related gene, is subjected to comparative genomic analysis. Chimpanzee IFNAR1 showed the same genomic structure as human IFNAR1 (11 exons and 10 introns) except the 3 bp insertion in exon 4. The
sequence alignment of IFNAR1 coding sequence indicated that “ISPP” amino acid sequence motif is highly conserved in chimpanzee and other animals including mouse and chicken. However, the human IFNAR1 shows that one proline residue is missing in the sequence motif. The homology modeling of the IFNAR1 structures suggests that the proline deletion in human IFNAR1 leads to the formation of the following ??-helix, whereas two sequential prolines in chimpanzee IFNAR1 inhibit it. As a result, human IFNAR1 may adopt a characteristic structure distinct from chimpanzee IFNAR1. This human
specific trait could contribute to specific immune response in the most optimized manner for humans. Further
molecular biological studies on the IFNAR1 will help us to gain insights into the molecular implication of speciesspecific
host-pathogen interaction in primate evolution.
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KEYWORD
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chimpanzee genome, comparative genomics, interferon-a, evolution, insertion
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